The Logical Judgment of the National Civil Service Examination Hypothesis should be clearly distingu

Mondo Education Updated on 2024-03-05

The logical judgment of the test is an important type of question in judgment reasoning, and the hypothesis proposition is an important knowledge point, but students will always be confused when facing the hypothesis topic, and the connecting words of the hypothesis "forward and backward" and "backward and forward" and the reasoning rule formula "willing to go before must be willing to be willing to be later" and "no before must be not" will be confused, resulting in the original simple hypothesis question can not be done. So let's sort out how to apply these two knowledge points reasonably.

If we want to use these two knowledge points correctly, we must first understand the steps of the hypothetical propositional reasoning rules, which are simply the two steps of "translating" and then comparing the question stems, and the above two knowledge points are also used separately in these two steps.

First of all, "translation" is the use of conjunctive words to determine who is sufficient and who is necessary, e.g., if the weather is fine, then go out and play, by "what if." So. It is a conjunctive word that is pushed forward and backward, then "sunny weather" is a sufficient condition, and "going out to play" is a necessary condition. So it's sunny to go out and play. Translate both stems and options according to the conjunctions.

Secondly, comparing the question stems is to use "before and after" and "no before and before no" to determine whether the options are the equivalent form of the question stems. For example, the question stem "Go out to play if the weather is fine" and the option "Don't go out to play and the weather is not sunny" belong to the situation of whether or not to go out or not, which is equivalent to the question stem.

That is to say, the "before and after" in the conjunctive words "forward and backward" and "backward and backward" refers to the first half of the sentence or the second half of the original sentence of the question stem and options, while the before and after in the reasoning rule formula "willing to be willing to be willing to be willing to be later" and "no to be before and after" refers to the front and back parts of the question stem reasoning relationship after the translation is completed. Clarify these two "before" and "after", and the idea of the topic of the hypothetical proposition will be much clearer. Let's look at an example question:

For example, studies have shown that exercise has a positive effect on the human brain, and if you keep exercising, you will have a lower risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

From this it can be deduced:

a.If you don't reduce your risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, you're not exercising.

b.If the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease is reduced, it must be the result of consistent exercise.

c.If the human brain is not exercised, the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease is further increased.

d.Whether you insist on exercising or not directly determines whether the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease can be reduced.

Analysis] a. Reasoning structure of stem conditions: Exercise consistently reduces the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

Item a, Inference structure: does not reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease Without consistent exercise, the posterior of the stem-reasoning can be denied, and the negative antecedent can be deduced, which can be pushed out by the stem.

Item b, Reasoning structure: The risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease is reduced Persistence in exercise affirms the posterior of stem reasoning, which cannot be effectively reasoned and cannot be pushed out from the question stem.

Item C, Reasoning Structure: No Exercise The risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease increases, negating the antecedents of stem reasoning, which cannot be effectively reasoned and cannot be deduced from the question stem.

In item d, the stem only states that consistent exercise can reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and does not mention the link between inactivity and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and it is not possible to determine whether exercise adherence is a decisive factor and cannot be deduced from the stem.

Therefore, choose a for this question.

I hope that the follow-up students can clarify the idea of doing the questions when doing the questions of the false propositions, distinguish how to use the two knowledge points, and practice more, hoping that the students can gain something.

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