Qin Liangyu (1574, July 11, 1648), a native of Zhongzhou, Sichuan (now Zhongxian County, Chongqing), was a famous female general in the last years of the Ming Dynasty.
Husband Ma Qiancheng is a descendant of Han Fubo general Ma Yuan, hereditary Shi Yan Xuan Comfort Envoy (commonly known as Tusi), after Ma Qiancheng was killed, because his son Ma Xianglin was young, Qin Liangyu then took the husband's position. Qin Liangyu led his brothers Qin Bangping and Qin Minping to participate in the battles against the Qing army, the Rebellion of Extravagant Chongming, and the Rebellion of Zhang Xianzhong. Emperor Chongzhen once composed four poems to praise Qin Liangyu.
After Qin Liangyu's death, later generations of literati praised Qin Liangyu for many poems, modern Bingxin and Guo Moruo also praised Qin Liangyu, and the patriotic general Feng Yuxiang also said: "To commemorate Mulan, we must learn from Qin Liangyu." ”
After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Southern Ming Dynasty posthumously named Qin Liangyu as a "loyal marquis".
In the history of all dynasties, female celebrities have been recorded in the biography of the women, and Qin Liangyu is the only heroine in history who has been recorded in the official history as a dynasty name.
In the second year of Wanli (1574), Qin Liangyu was born in a scholarly family in Zhongzhou, Sichuan. Her father, Qin Kui, was a man of great learning and both civil and military skills, while her older brother and younger brother were also talented. When Qin Liangyu was born, a legend was born.
On a cold winter day, Qin Kui wanted to go to Madame's room to see the soon-to-be-born child. However, when he walked to the window, he suddenly noticed a monkey jumping into the room. Qin Kui was worried that the monkey would cause harm to his wife and child, so he picked up his sword and rushed into the room to chase the monkey. However, the monkey disappeared as soon as it entered the room. Soon after, Mrs. Qin began to give birth. At this time, the Qin family was looking forward to the arrival of a new life and hoped that he would become an outstanding figure. Since the Qin family is a Miao people, they advocate martial arts, so Qin Kui taught his daughter poetry, calligraphy and painting, swords, guns and sticks, horseback riding and archery since she was a child. Qin Liangyu has shown a keen interest in these skills since he was a child. Her intelligence and hard work have allowed her to achieve outstanding results in various fields. Qin Kui's support and encouragement also made Qin Liangyu more confident and determined to pursue his dreams. Over time, Qin Liangyu gradually grew into a talented woman. Not only did she have profound attainments in literature and art, but she was also good at martial arts and was a respected female general. Her legend has become a good story for posterity, and it also shows the strength and independence of women in ancient society. Here's what I polished: Here's a vivid little story: Once, when Qin Kui returned to his hometown Huguo Village from Zhong County, when he passed through a deep forest, a masked robber suddenly burst out of the forest and arrogantly demanded that Qin Kui leave the money to buy the road. Qin Kui couldn't help but be angry, with his skills, few people in the local area could match him, and this inconspicuous little thief actually dared to grab his head. However, surprisingly, in the ensuing fight, Qin Kui was accidentally knocked to the ground by thieves, and he actually lost. The thief grinned and took off his mask, which turned out to be Qin Liangyu, a little girl who was only ten years old. With her ingenuity and extraordinary martial arts, she successfully defeated her father, which made people sigh at her greatness. Although Qin Liangyu's performance was very appreciated by his father, he also deeply regretted it, after all, it is a man's business to defend the family and defend the country and go to the battlefield, and no matter how good his daughter's martial arts are, it is useless. However, Qin Liangyu firmly said that she would definitely gallop on the battlefield and serve the country in the future. Later facts showed that she did what she said she would. The Tujia in Shizhu County, Chongqing is the starting point for Qin Liangyu to really go to the battlefield. This woman in her early twenties has never had a partner, because she has not only been superb in martial arts, but also a well-cultivated all-round talent in poetry, calligraphy and painting, etc., she really can't look down on ordinary people. Her story is a sense of resilience and courage. So, in order to find the wishful husband in his heart, Qin Liangyu decided to hold a martial arts competition to recruit relatives and send invitations to heroes all over the world. At this time, the Tujia Tusima Qiancheng (a descendant of the famous Han Dynasty general Fubo General Ma Yuan) learned of the news, and he has always respected Qin Liangyu, who was both civil and military, and had a great reputation. So he rushed to the recruiting ring as soon as possible, and gradually developed a deep relationship with Qin Liangyu in the competition. In the end, Ma Qiancheng impressed Qin Liangyu with his extraordinary skills and sincerity, and successfully hugged the beauty, which became a love story that has been passed down in Shizhu County for hundreds of years. After that, Ma Qian multiplied the Tujia family's warmest ceremony to marry Qin Liangyu, this year Qin Liangyu was twenty-two years old, became Mrs. Tusi, and began a legendary journey. Why was becoming Mrs. Toast the beginning?At that time, Shizhu County was a poor and desolate place, the people were fierce, and it was difficult for the imperial court to manage it properly. In order to maintain the stability of these places, the imperial court would appoint local Tusi as a proclamation envoy to train soldiers and horses to maintain the stability of the party. And Ma Qianyan's main responsibility is to do this. Because the local area implements a closed toast system, people live a primitive life of slash-and-burn farming, and whenever the grain harvest fails due to natural disasters, it is easy to cause chaos. One year, in addition to cultivating the land, Qin Liangyu also organized people to reclaim wasteland and plant corn. She will have a drought because corn is a very drought-tolerant crop and will not fail easily. However, if a disaster does occur, someone may come and grab the corn. In order to protect his crops, Qin Liangyu quickly organized the Tujia people, trained them to fight, and arranged for these people to patrol with spears. Such a white-pole soldier who served the people in peacetime and soldiers in wartime quickly took shape. That year, there was a real catastrophe, but only the corn harvest was abundant. People were very puzzled and asked Qin Liangyu how he knew this. She replied, "The nest knows the wind, and the cave knows the rain." This means that in a year of a great drought, the ant's burrow will be made very deep, and in a flood year, the ant's burrow will be moved to higher ground. For Shizhu County, which was still quite closed at that time, it was natural to understand that these were revered as gods by the Tujia people. As a result, more people joined Qin Liangyu's team. In this way, the Tujia self-defense team of Shizhu 36 Village formed a white pole soldier (also called Ma Jiajun). The "white pole" held by these soldiers was innovatively designed by Qin Liangyu according to the local terrain characteristics. The white wood is the rod, the spear with a hook is the gun, and the tail end has a ring, when fighting, the spear can be pierced and hooked, can be cut and pulled, flexible and easy to use. This family background allowed Qin Liangyu to quickly enter the historical stage of the conquest of Shacheng. In 1599 (the 27th year of Wanli), Yang Yinglong's rebellion broke out in Zunyi, Guizhou. The Ming court was corrupt and incompetent, and there was nothing to do with the rebels, so they could only use local forces to quell the rebellion. After receiving the edict, Shizhu Tusima Qiancheng and Qin Liangyu led 3,500 white pole soldiers to conquer the rebels. During the march, it was impossible to cross the Loushan Pass, which had been occupied by the rebels at that time. And Loushan Pass is very dangerous, easy to defend and difficult to attack, so it is stalemate here. At that time, it was just in time for the Chinese New Year, so they set up camp and simply let the soldiers drink, play music, and celebrate festivals. Everyone was very drunk and drunk. Unexpectedly, at this time, Yang Yinglong suddenly led his troops to kill, and he came out of the customs and sneaked attack, which is also quite ruthless!He took advantage of the festival and drank wine to eliminate Qin Liangyu's white pole soldier in one fell swoop. However, the plot changed abruptly, and when Yang Yinglong was about to make a move on these drunken white pole soldiers, countless white pole soldiers came out from all sides. The white pole soldiers who were originally drunk and fell to the ground were instantly refreshed, and they quickly picked up the ** and beat the rebels into a mess and fled. Then, they took advantage of the victory to pursue and broke Yang Yinglong's lair in one fell swoop, forcing Yang Yinglong to hang himself. All thanks to Qin Liangyu, who is well versed in the art of war, knows herself and her enemy, and foresees that the rebels will attack when everyone is celebrating the holiday. Therefore, she secretly ordered that all people should drink, but not drunk, and pretend to be drunk. At the same time, she led the rest of the white pole soldiers to secretly ambush and wait for the arrival of the rebels. Qin Liangyu not only won a great victory in the first battle, but also received a commendation from Emperor Chongzhen and was given a plaque: "Loyalty and righteousness are commendable". However, 1613 was a very unfortunate year for Qin Liangyu, as her husband Ma Qiancheng was framed by eunuchs, thrown into prison and eventually died. However, this also became the beginning of Qin Liangyu's journey to the pinnacle of life. After Ma Qiancheng's death, according to the hereditary system, his position as Xuanfu envoy should have been inherited by his son Ma Xianglin. But Ma Xianglin was too young to hold the position. In this case, the imperial court took into account Qin Liangyu's meritorious combat and both civil and military skills, so it decided to let her take over. In the context of the increasing strength of the Later Jin at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Qin Liangyu led the white pole soldiers to defeat the Later Jin's attacks repeatedly. Her performances on the battlefield are getting better and better, and her fame is growing, and her credit is more significant. In the midst of the crisis in the capital of 1621, the imperial court issued an edict from King Qin of the world, seeking assistance from all over the country. Qin Liangyu, the heroic female general, sent her brother Qin Bangping and younger brother Qin Minping to lead thousands of white-pole soldiers to the Liaodong battlefield as quickly as arrows. However, this battle became an eternal pain in her heart, and her brother Qin Bangping died heroically on the bank of the Hunhe River. Qin Liangyu's tears had not yet been wiped away, so she resolutely led her son Ma Xianglin and 3,000 white pole soldiers to the north day and night to fight against Jin. When the country was in danger, she was like a solid mountain, standing up and successfully resisting Houjin's attack. Her heroic deeds spread all over the world, and Ming Xizong Jin named her the second-grade official service lady, which is the honor she deserves. And her son Ma Xianglin is also famous in the first battle, his courage is superb, heroic and chic, can write and write, wears silver armor, rides a white horse, often rides alone to rush into battle, and takes the head of the enemy, known as Xiaoma Chao. His bravery and wisdom added more glory to his mother Qin Liangyu. In 1630, Emperor Chongzhen once again ordered the king of Qin, but at this time, many Ming generals had lost their patriotism and chose to wait and see. Only Qin Liangyu, a female general who has always adhered to her beliefs, raised her own grain and grass and rushed to the aid of the Beijing Division for the third time. At that time, Qin Liangyu was fifty-six years old, but her heroism was not diminished. Dancing a white-pole gun, the blade is full of dead souls, and all the white-pole soldiers are also one enemy and ten, and the Qing soldiers are deserted and flee. When Emperor Chongzhen summoned Qin Liangyu, he was deeply moved by her bravery and loyalty, and gave her a dragon and phoenix robe. In 1644, the Ming Dynasty withdrew from the stage of history, Zhang Xianzhong's iron cavalry swept through Sichuan, Chengdu City, he proclaimed himself emperor, and sent an olive branch to the Tusi of Sichuan. At the time of this great change in history, Qin Liangyu, the female general of the stone stone, although she had limited military strength, resolutely refused to give in to the anti-king Zhang Xianzhong. She wrote "Sticking to the Stone Stone", vowing to live and die with the stone, and her fearless spirit was shocking. As a result, Qin Liangyu divided his troops to guard all dangers, and in the face of Zhang Xianzhong's powerful forces, she was tenacious and unyielding, so that although Zhang Xianzhong fought with her many times, he was never able to get close to the stone pillar she guarded. Zhang Xianzhong's defeat also failed to break Qin Liangyu's persistence, she is still standing on the battlefield at the age of antiquity, and her spirit is as firm as a rock. Even when the Qing army later entered Sichuan, the stone pillars were unscathed by their impregnable defenses. The Qing army could not take a step beyond the stone pillar, and Qin Liangyu's prestige spread far and wide, shocking the Quartet. It was not until after her death that the Qing army gradually took control of the stone pillars. In 1648, after a military parade, Qin Liangyu suddenly fell to the ground and died at the age of seventy-five. Her death was like a giant star falling, changing the color of heaven and earth. However, her grief is as overwhelming as the summer sun. Whether it is the old and young of the Ming Dynasty or the newly established Qing Dynasty, they all respect her.