Integrity is one of the most valued virtues of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, in the pre-Qin period, there were Boyi Shuqi "did not eat Zhou Su and died", the Western Han Dynasty had "Su Wu shepherd", the Southern Song Dynasty had "keep the Dan heart according to the sweat and green" Wen Tianxiang and Lu Xiufu who jumped into the sea with the little emperor on his back. In the words of Mr. Lu Xun, they are the backbone of the Chinese!
Today we talk about Zhang Yi, the last prime minister of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, who knew that he could not do it, and fought and martyred:
Zhang Yi, a native of Xiangyang County, Jingzhou, has been able to distinguish between right and wrong since he was a teenager. During the reign of Emperor Sun Xiu of Wu Jing (258-264), Zhang Yi served as the captain of the Tun cavalry. In 279, the year before the fall of Eastern Wu, he was promoted from military advisor to prime minister. Zhang Yi is a person who can discern the current situation, and he has long seen through the fact that Shu Wu will perish.
In the sixth year of Yong'an (263), Cao Wei's army invaded Shu, and someone asked Zhang Yi: "Since the Sima clan came to power, there have been many disasters, although there is enough intelligence and courage, but the people have not obeyed him." Now that he has devoted his financial resources to the expedition to Shu Han, the soldiers and the people are exhausted, how can they succeed? Back then, the husband was not because he lost the battle, but because he failed because he didn't consider his own roots, not to mention that he wanted to fight for land! ”
Zhang Yi said: "That's not the case. Although Cao Cao covered China, shocked the world, advocated power and skill, and conquered excessively, the people were afraid of his severity, but they did not feel his virtue. Cao Pi and Cao Rong inherited, built a palace inside, feared heroes outside, the east and west borders were constantly harassed, no year was peaceful, and the people's hearts were lost not in a day or two, it has been a long time.
And Sima Yi's father and son, who held great power, repeatedly performed miraculous feats, abolished the onerous taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and showed favor to the people, and the people were willing to submit to them. Therefore, Huainan rebelled three times and their hearts were not disturbed, Cao Chao died, and the surroundings were not alarmed, destroying a strong enemy is like breaking a dead branch, and it is easy to quell the traitors, let them do their best, if it is not for the wisdom and bravery, who can be like this?
Now the eunuchs of the Shu Han Dynasty are in power, and the soldiers and people are tired. He only wants to fish for the benefit of the outside world, and does not repair the garrison. It's a difference between strength and weakness. The strategy is superior, and if you take advantage of the danger and attack, you can probably win. If there is no victory, no fault and no merit, and in the end there is no worry about retreating to the north, why not? Once Wei destroys Shu, the threat to us will be even greater。The man laughed at his words, and as a result, Shu Han really surrendered to Cao Wei.
In the fourth year of Tianji (280 years), the Western Jin Dynasty attacked Wu on a large scale, and Sun Hao, the late emperor of Wu, ordered Zhang Yidu generals Shen Ying and Zhuge Liang to lead 30,000 people to cross the river to meet the battle. When he arrived at Niuzhu, Shen Ying said: "Jin led the troops of Quanyizhou down the river. Our upper class lacks vigilance, and all the famous generals are dead, and I am afraid that all the cities along the river will not be able to resist it. We should concentrate our efforts and wait for the first battle. Now cross the river to face the battle, if the army is defeated, the state of Wu will be gone. ”
Zhang Yi said: "The destruction of the Wu Kingdom is a well-known thing, not just today. I'm worried that when the Jin army arrives in Niuzhu, the army's morale will be in turmoil. Now cross the river, you can fight to the death. If we fail, then give our lives for the country, there is nothing to regret, and if we win, then the enemy will flee north. ”
We will accumulate 10,000 times the strength of our troops, and we will rise to the middle to meet the attack from the difficulty, and we will not worry about not being able to break the enemy. If we follow your plan, I am afraid that the troops will be dispersed, and we can only sit back and wait for death, and the kings and ministers will all surrender, and no one will die, isn't it also a shame? So he crossed the river to meet the battle, and the Wu army was defeated. Zhuge Liang and five or six hundred people retreated, and asked people to pull Zhang Yi to go together, but Zhang Yi refused.
Zhuge Liang went to him in person and said to him: "There is a certain number of survival in the world, why wait for death here?" Zhang Yi said with tears in his eyes: "Zhong Si (Zhuge Liangbiaozi), today is my death." And when I was a child, I was appreciated by the prime minister of your family, and I often worried that I would not be able to die a proper death, and that I would fail the favor of the famous and virtuous. Now that you can die for your country, why should you run away? Don't stop me anymore. ”
Zhuge Liang also cried and stopped holding him, and only walked a hundred steps before he saw Zhang Yi killed by the Jin army. Zhuge Liang is the son of Zhuge Dan, and chose to flee after the defeat, and Zhang Yi actually knew very well that Wu Guo could not resist the attack of the Jin army at all, but he still chose to cross the river to fight and die generously. After Zhang Yi was killed in battle, Sun Hao, the late emperor of Wu, surrendered, and the state of Wu perished.
Luo Guanzhong praised in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" that "Du Zhuba Mountain saw the banner, and Jiangdong Zhang Yi was loyal." "Ming Dynasty scholar Zhou Li wrote a poem evaluation" The country is in danger and it is difficult to support, and Jiang Zuo has all received the general's flag. Zhang Yi is loyal to Shilu, and he is a man here. "Sun Hao is certainly a mediocre and cruel king, but Zhang Yi fought and died for the country, adhered to his integrity, and fulfilled his duty as a courtier.
References: Pei Songzhi's Note in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Lu Simian's "History of the Three Kingdoms".