1. Lose weight.
Seek to achieve a body mass index (BMI) of 23 kg m2 or close to 23 kg m2, a waist circumference of < 85 cm for men, and a waist circumference < 80 cm for women and maintain it for a long time.
The short-term weight loss goal for overweight or obese patients is 5% to 10% of body weight loss in 3-6 months;Then stick to it for a long time until your weight returns to normal.
2. Balanced nutrition.
Pay particular attention to carbohydrate intake, which accounts for 45% to 60% of the total calories in food.
It is recommended to consume an average of 200 300g of cereals per day, including polished rice, whole grains (corn, millet, oats, quinoa, buckwheat, brown rice) and mixed legumes (red beans, mung beans) about 1 3 each.
It is conducive to controlling blood sugar, and is nutritious, does not overeat, has a regular life, chews slowly when eating, and eats more vegetables.
Try not to eat foods that contain glucose or sucrose in a short period of time, which can prevent blood sugar from rising rapidly in a short period of time.
Helps protect pancreatic function. And through the guidance of the hospital's dietitian, the best prognostic effect can be improved.
3. Be active.
A combination of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise can help improve insulin action and secretion, thereby promoting blood glucose utilization and reducing the occurrence of prediabetes and diabetes.
150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week is recommended and a sedentary lifestyle is avoided.
4. Pharmacological intervention.
Once a mild increase in blood glucose is found, it is necessary to see a doctor in time, and under the guidance of a specialist, if necessary, drug interventions such as metformin, acarbose, dapagliflozin, liraglutide, semaglutide and other drugs can lower blood glucose.
5. Control the level of blood triglycerides.
Hypertriglyceridemia is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and the reduction of triglyceride levels can effectively improve the natural course of prediabetes and slow down the progression of diabetes.
6. Control related chronic diseases.
People with prediabetes are prone to obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other chronic diseases.
Prediabetic people with these chronic diseases will have a further increased risk of diabetes, so these chronic diseases need to be controlled at the same time.
7. Regular review.
People with prediabetes need regular follow-up, and at least once a year go to a regular hospital for fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin measurement, so as to assess the condition and get the guidance and help of professional doctors.