Peng Dehuai and the construction of the third line

Mondo Social Updated on 2024-03-07

In 1965, the veteran but humiliated Marshal of the Republic was "dismissed" and "hung up" at the Lushan Conference for 6 years, regardless of personal honor and disgrace, he accepted the task of being appointed by the chairman and the third deputy director of the third-line construction committee in the southwest, and joined the ranks of the third-line construction. ** The more than one year in the third line is a period of great special significance in his entire combat history, which can best show his ambition and noble qualities.

At the end of 1965, an old man came on the rugged and difficult Shu Road. With a high sense of responsibility and a sense of mission for the people of the motherland and the broad mind of a true Communist Party member, he dragged his seriously ill body to come here, worked tenaciously, and put forward strategic guidance for the construction of the third line. He ate and worked with the workers, and did the same work as the young soldiers. He rejoiced at the achievements made in the construction of the third line and shed tears for the martyrs who sacrificed their lives in the construction of the third line, and he stressed at all times and places that the party's purpose is to serve the people and to show concern for the lives and hardships ......of ordinary workers and peasants in his spare time

In the sixties and seventies of the 20th century, I worked in the Infrastructure Planning Department of the National Defense Industry Office of the Southwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China, held meetings with Marshal *** many times, and watched movies together, learned about his situation on the third line, and was deeply moved by the spirit of "indifferent to the reputation of the world, and loyalty in adversity".

This article reviews the past of Marshal *** working on the "third front" in a specific political environment.

A piece of the marshal's past with Deyang Industry

On November 30, 1965, the 67-year-old marshal arrived in Chengdu by train from Beijing, served as the third deputy director of the Construction Committee of the Southwest Third Line of the Communist Party of China, lived at No. 7, Yongxing Lane, Jinjiang District (now changed to No. 15), and worked in the west building of Dongfeng Guest House in Sichuan Province, Zongfu Street (now changed to Sichuan Hotel).

On December 5, after listening to the report on the work of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, Yang Pei, Deputy Secretary-General of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, who presided over the meeting, asked the deputy director to give instructions. **Pointing to the southwest map hanging on the wall, he said: "There are many construction projects in the southwest third line, and they cannot go hand in hand. "One point" is the construction of Panzhihua Steel Plant, "one line" is the construction of Chengdu-Kunming Railway, and "one piece" is the construction of a conventional weapons industrial base centered on Chongqing. After hearing this, everyone stood up and applauded warmly.

On the morning of December 6, ** accidentally flipped through Yao Wenyuan's article "Commenting on the New Historical Drama Hai Jui's Dismissal" published in the "People**" academic research column on November 30, 1965. He was very angry and handed the newspaper to the secretary Qi Kuiying, the security staff officer Jing Xizhen, and the driver Zhao Fengchi, who said that it was Wu Han, the vice mayor of Beijing, who criticized him. ** said, insinuating that he pointed the finger at himself, then slammed the newspaper on the table, stood up and waved his hand, and said to everyone, no matter what it is, do our business and go to the third line of on-site inspection.

Jing Xizhen reported the situation to Deputy Secretary-General Yang Pei, which attracted the attention of senior leaders. Li Jingquan, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China, first secretary of the Southwest Bureau, and director of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, Cheng Zihua, secretary of the Southwest Bureau and first deputy director of the Southwest Construction Committee, and Yan Xiufeng, secretary of the Southwest Bureau and second deputy director of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, held an office meeting.

On December 7, the deputy director listened to Xu Yipei, deputy director of the Machinery and Military Industry Bureau, and Sun Shi'an, director of the Military Industry Department, in Guang'an County, Huaying 338 Factory and 308 Factory squatting to speed up the construction of 338 Factory and 308 Factory. **After listening to it, I was very happy, saying that the investigation was from near to far, and I went to Deyang first and then Guang'an.

On December 9, accompanied by Yang Pei, Deputy Secretary-General of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, and Zuo Dexin, Director of the General Division of the General Bureau, he came to Deyang City and visited the Second Heavy Machinery Factory and Dongfang Electric Machinery Factory. Xiao Gang, director of the second heavy plant, introduced the construction of the factory to ***. ** Praised the construction project of the second heavy plant "hit."

1. Preparation. Second, look at the three" approach of "fighting a war of annihilation" (that is, after the first workshop is completed and put into operation, the second workshop will be built, and the second workshop will be prepared for the construction of the third workshop, not all projects will be fully rolled out at once), and then look at the workshop that has been put into production.

Entering the large plant, hundreds of tons of hydraulic presses, dozens of meters high planers and lathes are lined up, which makes the best excited, and he is proud of the production of such heavy machinery and equipment in China's third-tier areas. He humorously said to his entourage: "The second heavy factory is really heavy! Then he looked at the technical school and finally went to the basement of the factory. **I was very happy to see that the basement was fully equipped with moisture-proof equipment, and I was very happy to think of the poor ventilation of the cave of the Volunteer Army Headquarters during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and I sighed with emotion, and praised the production workshop for being located in the basement, producing machines in peacetime and making an air-raid shelter in wartime, killing two birds with one stone. Director Xiao Gang accompanied the company to inspect the large cannon body manufactured in the military workshop. Finally, the technical staff and the military representatives unveiled the cannon cloth cover on the experimental field, and specially gave a technical performance to the first one, and emphasized after watching: "The construction of the third-line factory should consider the combination of peacetime and wartime, and be prepared." ”

That night, ** and his party stayed in the guest house of Deyang No. 2 Heavy Factory, and when they left the next morning, ** asked Jing Xizhen, a staff officer of the guard, whether he had paid the food stamps and food expenses, and Staff Officer Jing replied that he had paid them. **Say, the life of the workers is very difficult, we can't rub their oil.

Praise Guang'an's "combination of factory and society" and "dry base".

On the morning of December 12, the third day after returning to Chengdu, Yan Xiufeng, the second deputy director of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, Lin Ling, deputy director of the Political Department of Industry and Communications of the Southwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China, and Yang Pei, deputy secretary general of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee, took a plane from Chengdu Shuangliu Airport to Chongqing. Yan Xiufeng and Lin Ling reported to the Ministry of Machinery Industry on conscientiously implementing the instructions of "preparing for war and preparing for famine for the people" and "grasping the construction of the third line", and speeding up the construction of the 338 and 308 factories of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry in Guang'an. Lu Dadong, secretary of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and commander-in-chief of the construction of the third line in eastern Sichuan, also invited *** to Guang'an for inspection. Lu Dadong called Shi Yongshou, deputy secretary of the Guang'an County Party Committee and acting county magistrate, and asked him to do a good job of reporting and reception.

On the morning of December 14th, the first party took a car to the construction site of Huaying 338 Factory (Mingguang Factory) in Guang'an County, Zhu Guang, member of the Standing Committee of the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee and Deputy Minister of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry, Li Jinghai, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the 338 Factory and deputy commander of the factory, and Shi Yongshou, deputy secretary of the Guang'an County Party Committee and acting county magistrate, accompanied the visit and reported the progress of the "combination of factory and society". **Stop and say: "The combination of factory and society" is the combination of workers and peasants, which is very good! Not only for the construction of the factory, but also for the future war, the future is broad!

During the visit to the construction site of the 308 factory, Zhou Wansong, the director of the 308 factory and the commander of the on-site construction, reported on the construction of the "dry base", and said with emotion: Guang'an is the hometown of the general secretary, and he also hopes to build his hometown well. There are many third-line construction projects in the country, widely distributed, and the planning and site selection work is underway, and the Southwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the Southwest Third-line Construction Committee took the first step and sent a competent working group to guide the construction of 338 factories and 308 factories at the site, and organize employees to be self-reliant, work hard, and build "dry base" residences, which cost less money and built quickly. This is to carry forward the spirit of Yan'an to bring about the effect, in March next year, the Southwest Third Line Construction Committee held a meeting on the construction of the Southwest Third Line in Chengdu Jinjiang Hotel, at the meeting, please report on the experience of building a factory.

Vice Minister Zhu Guang thanked the deputy director for his on-site inspection, affirmed the results, put forward requirements, and encouraged everyone, he will report to the leadership of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry as soon as possible, carry forward the spirit of Yan'an, learn and promote the experience of building factories in 338 and 308 factories of the third line. On the same day, ** and his party lived in the Guang'an County Guest House, and Shi Yongshou, the acting county magistrate, accompanied *** to watch the theatrical performance held by the Railway Soldiers Art Troupe in the auditorium at night.

In the specific political environment, internal regulations are not allowed to take pictures for ***, 338 factory office director Wang held the Pearl River license plate camera, quietly snapped the scene of climbing the mountain in the factory area, leaving the only precious *** during the work in the southwest third-tier area.

Ma Zhitu visited Nanchong at night***

On the second day after the inspection of Guang'an, the first party inspected the Nanchong third-line oil refinery and the Nanchong silk factory, and stayed at the Nanchong Lianhuachi Hotel. Ma Zhitu, director of the Propaganda Department of the Southwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China and a writer, squatted in Nanchong and also lived in the Lotus Pond Hotel. He was very respectful, and he talked casually with Ma Zhitu in front of the small stove. That night, Ma Zhitu wrote a seven-law poem in praise of Marshal ***:

General Peng who reacquaints himself, the white-haired old man in front of the lamp.

Ask for the people's life, and immediately cross the knife for a hundred generations.

It is easy to be polluted everywhere, and it will be the same in ancient and modern times.

Let him Shuobei frost and wind strong, how can it shake the Great Wall ironclad pine.

In April 2007, Ma Shitu, honorary chairman of the Sichuan Writers Association, inscribed the book "** in the third line" written by me

In April 2007, the book was written by Comrade Wang Chuncai in the book "** in the third line", and the ninety-three-year-old horse knew the way.

Don't forget the *** Gao Feng Liang Festival

I am often asked, why do you write *** in the years of the third line?

Because of my work, I have the privilege of often being in close contact with Marshal ***, and I respect Mr. Peng very much, and his selfless dedication to working for the country and the people in adversity has deeply educated me.

In 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China rehabilitated Marshal Zhaoxue.

Wang Chunyu (my third brother), a researcher at the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, planned and guided me to recall and write about the past in the third line from the perspective of a historian, and also helped me revise the draft.

Since 1986, for more than 30 years, I have interviewed more than 100 people in the know, and written and published books such as "The Last Years of the Marshal - * on the Third Line", among which "The Last Years of the Marshal" published by Sichuan People's Publishing House in 1991 won the Sichuan Provincial Excellent Book Award and the Excellent Reportage Award; In 1995, the film "** in the Third Line", which was adapted and produced by Beijing Film Studio, was nominated for the Huabiao Award of the Ministry of Culture and the "Five One Project Award" of Sichuan Province.

Chen Huangmei, vice minister of the Ministry of Culture, vice chairman of the Chinese Writers Association, president of the China Reportage Society, and a famous old writer, commented:

"It is not only a sincere remembrance of the great contribution made by Marshal *** in the construction of the third line, but also a sincere commemoration and encouragement of the great achievements made by all the comrades in the construction of the third line. ”

In 2018, the People's Publishing House published my "Bashan Shushui "Three Lines" Love", and Chun Yudi wrote a preface to the book, writing:

"These articles of Brother Chuncai are actually tracing the footprints of Marshal *** in the third line of Bashan Shushui, which is of great historical value, so that the current and future generations of people should not forget Mr. Peng's iron bones, high wind and bright festival! ”

And that's what I'm writing this book for.

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